POCKET TURBIDITY AND CHLORINE METER

The HI93414 measures the most important parameters of drinking water: turbidity and free/total chlorine

The HI93414 is a high accuracy Turbidity and Chlorine Portable Meter. This meter is a combination of a nephelometer and photometer to measure the most important parameters in drinking water: turbidity and chlorine. The meter is supplied complete with AMCO-AEPA-1 primary turbidity standards and NIST traceable secondary chlorine standards used for calibration and performance verification. The HI93414 meets and exceeds the requirements of EPA Method 180.1 and Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater 2130 B for turbidity measurements. The chlorine measurements are adapted from EPA Method 330.5 and Standard Method 4500-Cl G.

• Fast Tracker – Tag Identification System (T.I.S)
• USB for data transfer
• Operates on batteries or line voltage

The HI93414 is a multiparameter instrument that measures the most important parameters in drinking water: turbidity and chlorine. The instrument is based on a state-of-the-art optical system that provides accurate results by minimizing stray light and color interferences. Periodic calibration with the supplied standards compensates for any variations in the intensity of the tungsten lamp. The colorimeter portion of the meter uses a 525 nm narrowband interference filter for maintaining the proper wavelength in the measurement of free and total chlorine. All measurements are performed with 25 mm round cuvettes composed of special optical glass to ensure maximum repeatability of turbidity and chlorine measurements.

Features at-a-glance

Three Measurement Modes

The HI93414 features three options for measurement including ratio mode for turbidity, free chlorine, and total chlorine. Turbidity measurements can be made in the 0.00 to 1000 NTU (Nephelometric Turbidity Units) range, while free or total chlorine measurements can be made in the 0.00 to 5.00 mg/L (ppm) range.

Multiple reading modes

Normal measurement, continuous measurement, or signal averaging measurement are reading modes available

EPA Compliant

The HI93414 meets and exceeds the requirements of EPA and Standard Methods both for turbidity and colorimetric chlorine measurements. When the meter is in EPA mode all turbidity readings are rounded accordingly to meet reporting requirements.

Calibration

A two, three, or four-point turbidity calibration can be performed by using the supplied (<0.10, 15.0, 100, and 750 NTU) standards. Calibration points can be modified if user-prepared standards are used. For free and total chlorine, the 1.00 mg/L (ppm) CAL Check standard can be used for calibration and performance verification.

AMCO AEPA-1 Primary Turbidity Standard

The AMCO AEPA-1 supplied standards are recognized as a primary standard by the USEPA. These non-toxic standards are made of styrene-divinylbenzene polymer spheres that are uniform in size and density. The standards are reusable and stable with a long shelf life.

CAL Check

With the powerful CAL Check function, reliable performance of the chlorine colorimeter can be validated at any moment by using the exclusive HANNA ready-made, NIST traceable standards.  All standards are supplied with a Certificate of Analysis (COA) for traceability.

Fast Tracker&trade

For advanced field applications, the HI93414 is equipped with a Fast Tracker – Tag Identification System (T.I.S.) that makes data collecting and management simpler than ever. Fast Tracker allows users to record the time and location of a specific measurement or series of measurements using iButton® tags near sampling points for quick and easy readings. Each iButton® tag contains a computer chip with a unique identification code encased in stainless steel.

GLP Data

The HI93414 features complete GLP (Good Laboratory Practice) functions that allow traceability of the calibration conditions. Data includes calibration points, date, and time.

Data Logging

Up to 200 measurements can be stored in the internal memory and recalled at any time.

Data Transfer

For further storage or analysis options, logged data can be downloaded to a Windows-compatible PC using the RS232 or USB ports and the HI92000 software.

Backlit Display

A backlit LCD display provides an easy to understand, user-friendly interface. Displayed codes guide the user step-by-step through routine operation and calibration.

Turbidity is one of the most important parameters used to determine the quality of drinking water. Once considered as a mostly aesthetic characteristic of drinking water, significant evidence exists that controlling turbidity is a competent safeguard against pathogens. In natural water, turbidity measurements are taken to gauge the general water quality and its compatibility in applications involving aquatic organisms. The monitoring and treatment or wastewater were once solely based on the control of turbidity. Currently, the measurement of turbidity at the end of the wastewater treatment process is necessary to verify that the values are within regulatory standards.

Turbidity of water is an optical property that causes light to be scattered and absorbed, rather than transmitted. The scattering of light that passes through a liquid is primarily caused by the suspended solids present. The higher the turbidity, the greater the amount of scattered light. Even a very pure liquid will scatter light to a certain degree, as no solution will have zero turbidity.

Drinking water treatment plants that obtain water from surface water are required by the EPA to monitor and report the turbidity. Surface water sources include lakes and rivers.  The requirements of the nephelometer and reporting measurements according to EPA Method 180.1 are:

• The applicable range is 0-40 nephelometric turbidity units (NTU)
• Light source:  Tungsten lamp operated at a color temperature between 2200-3000°K.
• The distance traversed by incident light and scattered light within the sample tube: Total not to exceed 10 cm.
• Detector: Centered at 90° to the incident light path and not to exceed ±30° from 90°. The detector, and filter system if used, shall have a spectral peak response between 400 nm and 600 nm
• The sensitivity of the instrument should permit detection of a turbidity difference of 0.02 NTU or less in waters having turbidities less than 1 unit.
• Report results as follows:

NTU reading	Rounded to nearest
0.0 – 1.0	0.05
1 – 10	0.1
10 – 40	1
40 – 100	5
100 – 400	10
400 – 1000	50
>1000	100

The HI93414 meets and exceeds the meter criteria specified by the EPA Method 180.1 and Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater 2130 B.

Principle of Operation

The light beam that passes through the sample is scattered in all directions. The intensity and pattern of the scattered light are affected by many variables, such as the wavelength of the incident light, particle size and shape, refractive index, and color. The optical system of the HI93414 includes a tungsten filament lamp, a scattered light detector (90°), and a transmitted light detector (180°).

In the ratio turbidimeter range, the microprocessor of the instrument calculates the NTU value from the signals that reach the two detectors by using an effective algorithm that corrects and compensates for interferences of color. The optical system and measuring technique also compensate for fluctuations in lamp intensity, minimizing the need for frequent calibration.

In the non-ratio turbidimeter range, the NTU value is calculated from the signal on the scattered light detector (90°). This method offers high linearity on the low range but is more sensitive to lamp intensity ‡fluctuations. The lower detection limit of a turbidimeter is determined by stray light that is detected by the sensors but not caused by light scattering from suspended particles. The optical system of the HI93414 is designed to have very low stray light, providing highly accurate results for low turbidity samples.

The HI98703-11 AMCO AEPA-1 standards ensure that measurements are traceable to primary reference materials. These standards are used for calibration and performance verification of the HI93414 turbidity meter.

TURBIDITY

Range	0.00 to 9.99; 10.0 to 99.9; 100 to 1000 NTU
Resolution	0.01; 0.1; 1 NTU
Range Selection	automatic
Accuracy	±2% of reading plus 0.02 NTU
Repeatability	±1% of reading or 0.02 NTU, whichever is greater
Stray Light	< 0.02 NTU
Light Detector	Silicon photocell
Method	ratio nephelometric method (90° & 180°)
Measuring Mode	normal, average, continuous
Turbidity Standards	< 0.1, 15, 100, and 750 NTU
Calibration	two, three, or four-point calibration

FREE AND TOTAL CHLORINE

Free and Total Chlorine Range	0.00 to 5.00 mg/L (ppm)
Free and Total Chlorine Resolution	0.01 mg/L (ppm) from 0.00 to 3.50 mg/L (ppm); 0.10 above 3.50 mg/L (ppm)
Free and Total Chlorine Accuracy	±0.02 mg/L @ 1.00 mg/L
Light Detector	silicon photocell with 525 nm narrowband interference filter
Method	adaptation of the USEPA Method 330.5 and Standard Method 4500-Cl G.
Standards	1.00 mg/L (ppm) free chlorine; 1.00 mg/L (ppm) total chlorine
Calibration	one-point calibration

GENERAL

Light Source	tungsten filament lamp / greater than 100,000 readings
Display	40 x 70 mm graphic LCD (64 x 128 pixels) with backlight
Log Memory	200 records
Connectivity	USB or RS232
Environment	0 to 50°C (32 to 122°F),RH max 95% non-condensing
Power Supply	1.5V AA alkaline batteries (4) or AC adapter; auto-off after 15 minutes of non-use
Dimensions	224 x 87 x 77 mm (8.8 x 3.4 x 3.0”)
Weight	512 g (18 oz.)
Ordering Information	HI93414 is supplied with sample cuvettes and caps (5), calibration cuvettes for turbidity and chlorine, silicone oil, cuvette wiping cloth, scissors, batteries, AC adapter, instruction manual, and rugged carrying case.